For functional safety applications, the safety integrity levels of the device or system must be considered.Īchieving functional safety requires a careful evaluation of the product design for failure modes in the presence of EMI. In situations where electromagnetic interference (EMI) could lead to a safety hazard, special design and testing procedures need to be applied. Alternatively, mitigation techniques, such as filtering or shielding, can limit the effect of the disturbance. Avoidance techniques call for the removal of the source of disturbance or the reduction of its level of emissions. Several techniques can be used to achieve EMC. The electromagnetic disturbances from each item of equipment must be limited and, simultaneously, each item must have an adequate level of immunity to the disturbances in its environment. For example, the emissions from several laptop computers combined with those from mobile phones could disrupt systems in an aircraft. Multiple sources of electromagnetic disturbances can have a cumulative effect on a device. In essence, EMC is about protecting sensitive equipment such as radio receivers, domestic appliances or electronic circuits from electromagnetic interference, and containing the electromagnetic emissions for example from large scale batteries, power lines or electric motors so that they can't interfere with more sensitive devices. The need for IEC publications on EMC continues to grow, influenced by new technologies, miniaturization, and electronics that can operate on a wide range of frequencies.Įvery electrical and electronic device produces a certain level of so-called electromagnetic interference (EMI) that can adversely affect the performance of similar equipment located nearby.Įlectromagnetic compatibility (EMC) provides methods that help contain EMI so that electrical and electronic systems or components are able to work correctly even when they are close together. They specify emission measurement methods, set emission limits, detail immunity testing techniques and test levels, and recommend mitigation methods. IEC International Standards specify the general conditions and rules necessary for achieving electromagnetic compatibility. EMC is the process in which such electromagnetic interferences are contained so that all surrounding equipment can operate safely and reliably. Successful avoidance of these interferences is known as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The term electromagnetic interference (EMI) recognizes that these waves can cause disturbances at any frequency range (Hz to GHz). The reason is that devices such as mobile phones can generate electromagnetic interference that disturbs the proper functioning of vulnerable equipment.Įlectrical currents create electromagnetic (EM) waves. In hospitals, certain areas are still off-limits to mobile phones since they could cause medical equipment to malfunction. Not that long ago, passengers on airplanes were asked to shut off their mobile phones during take-off and landing.
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